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内卷

nèi juǎn (embryology) to involute; involution / (neologism c. 2017) (of a society) to become more and more of a rat race; to become increasingly competitive (due to limited resources)
nèi inside / inner / internal / within / interior
  juǎn to roll up / (fig.) to sweep up; to engulf; to drag into (a situation) / (slang) to compete to an unhealthy degree; hypercompetitive / a roll / classifier for small rolled-up things (wad of paper money, movie reel etc)
  juàn scroll / book / volume / chapter / examination paper / classifier for books, paintings: volume, scroll
  juǎn to roll up / to sweep up; to carry along / a roll / classifier for rolls, spools etc
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By MDBG 2025