| 明末清初 |
Míng mò Qīng chū |
late Ming and early Qing / around the middle of the 17th century |
| 明 |
Míng |
Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) / surname Ming / Ming (c. 2000 BC), fourth of the legendary Flame Emperors, 炎帝 descended from Shennong 神农 Farmer God |
| 明 |
míng |
bright / opposite: dark 暗 / (of meaning) clear / to understand / next / public or open / wise / generic term for a sacrifice to the gods |
| 明末 |
Míng mò |
late Ming / first half of the 17th century |
| 末 |
me |
variant of 么 |
| 末 |
mò |
tip / end / final stage / latter part / inessential detail / powder / dust / opera role of old man |
| 清 |
Qīng |
Qing (Wade-Giles: Ch'ing) dynasty of China (1644–1911) / surname Qing |
| 清 |
qīng |
(of water etc) clear; clean / quiet; still / pure; uncorrupted / clear; distinct / to clear; to settle (accounts) |
| 初 |
chū |
at first / (at the) beginning / first / junior / basic |